Mục Lục
In order to
Để
I would like to go to Austria in order to study music.
Tôi muốn đi Áo để học âm nhạc.
Đặng
Risking her life, she appears before the king with a plea in order to find some way to undo the scheme of Haman.
Bà liều mình xin diện kiến vua đặng tìm cách bãi mưu của Ha-man.
Để cho
I even had to find my mother’s sad old solitaire cards in order to make the hours pass.
Tôi phải tìm lại bộ bài solitaire buồn chán của mẹ tôi để cho qua giờ.
Để mà
She’s trying to learn about us in order to take advantage of us.
Cô ta cố biết về chúng ta để mà lợi dụng chúng ta.
Ý nghĩa của cụm từ “in order to”
Trước khi biết cách sử dụng cụm từ này, chắc chắn chúng ta phải hiểu nghĩa của nó phải không? “In order to” là một liên từ phụ thuộc trong Tiếng Anh, có nghĩa là “để, để mà”. Chúng ta sử dụng “in order to” với động từ nguyên thể để diễn tả mục đích của một việc gì đó.
Ví dụ 1: He arrives early in order to get a good seat. (Anh ấy đến sớm để có được chỗ ngồi tốt.)
Cách sử dụng cấu trúc “in order to”
Như đã nói qua ở trên, chúng ta sử dụng “in order to” để diễn tả mục đích của một hành động nào đó. Nói một cách cụ thể hơn, “in order to” có thể đưa ra mục đích của hành động hướng tới chủ thể hành động hoặc một đối tượng khác.
2.1. “In order to” đưa đến mục đích hướng vào chủ thể hành động
Cấu trúc: S+V+ in order (not) to + V…
Ví dụ: I study hard in order to get good marks. (Tôi học hành chăm chỉ để được điểm tốt.)
Mục đích của việc học hành chăm chỉ là cho chính nhân vật “tôi” đạt điểm tốt. Trường hợp này chính là đưa ra mục đích hướng vào chủ thể hành động.
2.2. “In order to” đưa đến mục đích hướng vào đối tượng khác
Cấu trúc: S+V+ in order for + O + (not) to + V…
Ví dụ: Sales would need to rise by at least 50% in order for the company to be profitable. (Doanh số sẽ cần tăng ít nhất 50% để công ty có lãi.)
Mục đích của việc doanh số tăng lên là hướng vào tương lai sau này của công ty. Vậy nên đây là mục đích hướng vào đối tượng khác.
Một số lưu ý khi sử dụng “In order to” khi viết lại câu
3.1. Cấu trúc “in order to” chỉ được áp dụng khi chủ ngữ của hai câu giống nhau
Ví dụ:
I talked to him. I will have a better understanding of the situation.
I talked to him in order to have a better understanding of the situation.
3.2. Nếu câu sau có các động từ want, like, hope… thì sẽ bỏ đi và chỉ giữ lại động từ sau nó
Ví dụ:
I will travel to Ho Chi Minh City. I want to meet my grandpa.
I will travel to Ho Chi Minh City in order to meet my grandpa.
Ý nghĩa và cách dùng cấu trúc “In order to” và “So as to”
Cấu trúc “In order to” và “so as to” có nghĩa là “để, để mà”, được dùng trong câu để giới thiệu về mục đích của hành động được nhắc đến ngay trước đó.
Ví dụ:
– I study English in order to speak to my English friend. (Tôi học tiếng Anh để nói chuyện với người bạn đến từ Anh)
– She works hard so as to have a better life in the future. (Cô ấy làm việc chăm chỉ để có được cuộc sống tốt hơn trong tương lai)
– He drove so fast in order to go to the meeting on time. (Anh ấy lái xe nhanh để đến cuộc họp đúng giờ)
Cấu trúc in order to và so as to trong tiếng Anh
1. Trường hợp 1: Khi mục đích của hành động hướng tới chính chủ thể của hành động được nêu ở phía trước
Ví dụ:
I worked hard. I wanted to pass the test. (Tôi học hành chăm chỉ. Tôi muốn đỗ kỳ thi.)
=> I worked hard so as to/in order to pass the test. (Tôi học hành chăm chỉ để đỗ kỳ thi.)
I worked hard. I didn’t want to fail the test. (Tôi học hành chăm chỉ. Tôi không muốn trượt kỳ thi.)
=> I worked hard in order not/so as not to fail the test. (Tôi học hành chăm chỉ để không trượt kỳ thi.)
2. Trường hợp 2: Khi mục đích hành động hướng tới đối tượng khác
S + V + in order + for O + (not) + to + V ….
Ví dụ:
– She works hard. She wants her kid to have a better life. (Cô ấy làm việc chăm chỉ. Cô ấy muốn con mình có cuộc sống tốt hơn.)
=> She works hard in order for her kid to have a better life. (Cô ấy làm việc chăm chỉ để con cô ấy có cuộc sống tốt hơn.)
– In order for the light to work, you must press the button. (Để đèn hoạt động, bạn phải bật công tắc).
3. Một vài lưu ý về cấu trúc so as to/ in order to trong tiếng Anh.
– Cấu trúc in order to/ so as to chỉ áp dụng được khi 2 chủ từ 2 câu giống nhau
Ví dụ:
I always get up early. I don’t want to go to work late. (Tôi luôn dậy sớm. Tôi không muốn đi làm muộn).
=> I always get up early so as not/in order not to go to work late. (Tôi luôn dậy sớm để không phải đi làm muộn).
– Bỏ chủ từ và các từ như want, hope, … và giữ lại từ động từ sau nó khi dùng cấu trúc in order to, so as to.
Ví dụ:
I have taken many extracurricular activities. I want to improve my soft skills. (Tôi tham gia rất nhiều hoạt động ngoại khoá. Tôi muốn cải thiện các kỹ năng mềm của mình).
=> I have taken many extracurricular activities in order to/so as to improve my soft skills. (Tôi tham gia rất nhiều hoạt động ngoại khoá để cải thiện các kỹ năng mềm của mình).
Một số cấu trúc tương đương với cấu trúc in order to/so as to trong tiếng Anh
Dưới đây là một số cấu trúc tương đương với in order to, so as to trong tiếng Anh. Bạn có thể dùng các cấu trúc này trong giao tiếp, văn viết hoặc các bài viết lại câu trong thi cử nhé!
To + V
Ví dụ:
I often do morning exercises. I want to keep fit and stay healthy. (Tôi thường tập thể dục vào buổi sáng. Tôi muốn giữ cơ thể cân đối và sống khoẻ mạnh).
=> I often do morning exercises to keep fit and stay healthy (Tôi thường tập thể dục buổi sáng để giữ cơ thể cân đối và khoẻ mạnh).
I don’t spend much time going shopping. I want to have time to focus on more important things in life. (Tôi không dành quá nhiều thời gian đi mua sắm. Tôi muốn tập trung vào những thứ quan trọng hơn trong cuộc sống).
=> I don’t spend much time going shopping to have time to focus on more important things in life. (Tôi không dành quá nhiều thời gian đi mua sắm để có thì giờ tập trung vào những thứ quan trọng hơn trong cuộc sống).
**Tuy nhiên, không dùng not + to V thay thế cho in order/ so as + not to V.
2. So that
Ví dụ:
– I wear warm clothes in winter. I don’t want to have a cold. (Tôi mặc ấm vào mùa đông. Tôi không muốn bị cảm lạnh).
– I wear warm clothes in winter so that I will not have a cold. (Tôi mặc ấm vào mùa đông để không bị cảm lạnh).
3. With a view to V-ing
Ví dụ:
– I must visit many museums in the city to accomplish my report. (Tôi phải thăm rất nhiều bảo tàng ở thành phố để hoàn thành bài báo cáo của mình).
=> With a view to accomplishing my report, I must visit many museums.
– I have to practice playing the piano so much to have a good performance tonight.
=> With a view to having a good performance tonight, I have to practice playing the piano so much. (Để có buổi trình diễn tốt vào tối nay, tôi phải tập đánh piano rất nhiều)
4. With an aim of + V-ing
Ví dụ:
– I find a partner to practice speaking English everyday.
=> With an aim of practicing speaking English everyday, I find a partner. (Tôi tìm bạn học để luyện tập nói tiếng Anh mỗi ngày)
Bài tập cấu trúc in order to, so as to trong tiếng Anh
Viết lại câu sau sử dụng cấu trúc in order to, so as to trong tiếng Anh
1. He opened the window. He wanted to let fresh air in.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. I took my camera. I wanted to take some photos.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. He studied really hard. He wanted to get better marks.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Jason learns Chinese. His aim is to work in China.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. I’ve collected money. I will buy a new car.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Many people left Turkey in the 1960s.They wanted to find jobs in Germany.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. She attends a course.She wants to learn to play chess.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Linda turned on the lights. She wanted to see better.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. I will come with you. I want to help you.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. We are going to the cinema. We will watch a horror film.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11. You must take your umbrella so that you won’t get wet.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12. He waited at the counter. He wanted to see her.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. We all put on our coats. We were feeling cold.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
14. She’s studying because she wants to become a very important person in life.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
15. I didn’t want to see them, so I didn’t open the door.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
16. We went on with the deal because we didn’t want to leave them high and dry at the last minute.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
17. I would like to take tomorrow off, as I want to accompany my husband to the doctor.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
18. They went on a hunger strike because they wanted to get better conditions in gaol.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
19. They bought a country pad because they wished to have some peace and quiet.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
20. I’ve just bought a CD player, since I want to give it to my daughter for her birthday.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Đáp án:
1. He opened the window in order to/so as to let fresh air in.
2. I took my camera in order to/so as to take some photos.
3. He studied really hard in order to/so as to get better marks.
4. Jason learns Chinese in order to/so as to work in China.
5. I’ve collected money so as to/in order to buy a new car.
6. Many people left Turkey in the 1960s in order to/so as to find a job in Germany.
7. She attends a course in order to/so as to learn to play chess.
8. Linda turned on the lights in order to/so as to see better.
9. I will come with you in order to/so as to help you.
10. We are going to the cinema in order to/so as to watch a horror film.
11. You must take your umbrella in order not/so as not to get wet.
12. He waited at the counter in order to/so as to see her.
13. We all put on our coats in order not/so as not to feel cold.
14. She’s studying in order to/so as to become a very important person in life.
15. I didn’t open the door in order not/so as not to see them.
16. We went on with the deal in order not/so as not to leave them high and dry at the last minute.
17. I would like to take tomorrow off in order to/so as to accompany my husband to the doctor.
18. They went on a hunger strike in order to/so as to get better conditions in gaol.
19. They bought a country pad in order to/so as to have some peace and quiet.
20. I’ve just bought a CD player in order to/so as to give to my daughter for her birthday
Bài tập thực hành cho cấu trúc In order to và So as to
Bài 1: Viết lại những câu sau sử dụng in order to hoặc so as to
- I would like to take tomorrow off, because I want to visit my grandmother.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
- I put on my coat. I was feeling cold.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
- He bought a new laptop because he wanted to give it to his daughter for her birthday.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
- She’s studying hard because she wants to become a doctor in the future.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
- You should take your umbrella so that you won’t get wet.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Đáp án
- I would like to take tomorrow off so as to/in order to visit my grandmother.
- I put on my coat in order to/so as not to feel cold.
- He bought a new laptop in order to/so as to give it to his daughter for her birthday.
- She’s studying hard so as to/in order to become a doctor in the future.
- You should take your umbrella so as not to/in order not to get wet.
Bài 2: Điền “in order to/so as to/in order not to/so as not to” vào chỗ trống thích hợp.
- Lindy has taken an French course ………. improve her accent.
- My younger sister is studying very hard at the moment ………. pass his test.
- My daughter has gone to bed early ………. wake up early.
- They all put on their coats ………. keep warm.
- Everybody should take exercises regularly ……….. keep fit their body.
- Make sure that all their clothes are tagged …………. find them difficult.
- We should have taken a grabcar ………… be late for our appointment.
- My boyfriend and I have taken our digital camera ……………. take some photos during our holiday.
- He needs to save a lot of money………….. buy a new car.
- Jenny turned off the radio ………… concentrate on her work.
Đáp án:
- in order to/so as to
- in order to/so as to
- in order to/so as to
- in order to/so as to
- in order to/so as to
- in order not to/so as not to
- in order not to/so as not to
- in order to/so as to
- in order to/so as to
- in order to/so as to
Bài tập cấu trúc in order to, so as to trong tiếng Anh
Viết lại câu sau sử dụng cấu trúc in order to, so as to trong tiếng Anh
1. He opened the window. He wanted to let fresh air in.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. I took my camera. I wanted to take some photos.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. He studied really hard. He wanted to get better marks.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Jason learns Chinese. His aim is to work in China.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. I’ve collected money. I will buy a new car.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Many people left Turkey in the 1960s.They wanted to find jobs in Germany.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. She attends a course.She wants to learn to play chess.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Linda turned on the lights. She wanted to see better.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. I will come with you. I want to help you.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. We are going to the cinema. We will watch a horror film.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11. You must take your umbrella so that you won’t get wet.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12. He waited at the counter. He wanted to see her.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. We all put on our coats. We were feeling cold.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
14. She’s studying because she wants to become a very important person in life.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
15. I didn’t want to see them, so I didn’t open the door.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
16. We went on with the deal because we didn’t want to leave them high and dry at the last minute.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
17. I would like to take tomorrow off, as I want to accompany my husband to the doctor.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
18. They went on a hunger strike because they wanted to get better conditions in gaol.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
19. They bought a country pad because they wished to have some peace and quiet.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
20. I’ve just bought a CD player, since I want to give it to my daughter for her birthday.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Đáp án
1. He opened the window in order to/so as to let fresh air in.
2. I took my camera in order to/so as to take some photos.
3. He studied really hard in order to/so as to get better marks.
4. Jason learns Chinese in order to/so as to work in China.
5. I’ve collected money so as to/in order to buy a new car.
6. Many people left Turkey in the 1960s in order to/so as to find a job in Germany.
7. She attends a course in order to/so as to learn to play chess.
8. Linda turned on the lights in order to/so as to see better.
9. I will come with you in order to/so as to help you.
10. We are going to the cinema in order to/so as to watch a horror film.
11. You must take your umbrella in order not/so as not to get wet.
12. He waited at the counter in order to/so as to see her.
13. We all put on our coats in order not/so as not to feel cold.
14. She’s studying in order to/so as to become a very important person in life.
15. I didn’t open the door in order not/so as not to see them.
16. We went on with the deal in order not/so as not to leave them high and dry at the last minute.
17. I would like to take tomorrow off in order to/so as to accompany my husband to the doctor.
18. They went on a hunger strike in order to/so as to get better conditions in gaol.
19. They bought a country pad in order to/so as to have some peace and quiet.
20. I’ve just bought a CD player in order to/so as to give to my daughter for her birthday
Bài tập
Exercise 1: Combine the ideas using “in order to/ so as to”:
1. Rachel wanted to watch the news. She turned on the TV.
→……………………………………………………………………………
2. Nancy is carrying extra courses every semester. She wants to graduate early.
→……………………………………………………………………………
3. Ed took some change from his pocket. He wanted to buy a newspaper.
→……………………………………………………………………………
4. I wanted to listen to the news while I was making dinner. I turned on the TV.
→……………………………………………………………………………
5. I unplugged the phone. I didn’t want to be interrupted while I was working.
→……………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer:
1. Jackson was going to study all night, ________ he declined our invitation to dinner.
A. so B. so that C. in order to D. A & C
2. They put video cameras in shops _______ stop people stealing things.
A. not to B. so as not to C. in order to D. so that
3. The highway was under construction, _______ we had to take a different route to work.
A. so that B. so C. in order to D. A & C
4. He gave me his address. He wanted me to visit him.
A. He gave me his address so as to visit him.
B. He gave me his address for me in order to visit him.
C. He gave me his address in order for me to visit him.
D. He gave me his address in order to for me visit him.
5. He studies hard. He doesn’t want to fail in the exam. He studies hard _________fail in the exam.
A. not to B. so as not to C. in order to D. so that
6. Mary jogs everyday ________ lose weight.
A. so she can B. so that she can C. because she can D. so that to
7. You should look up the meaning of the new in the dictionary _______ misuse it
A. so as to B. to C. so as not to D. so that
8. He lighted the candle ________ he might read the note.
A. so that B. and C. because D. as a result
9. He turned off the lights before going out _______ waste electricity.
A. so that not B. as not to C. in order that not D. so as not to
10. The school boys are in hurry ________ they will not be late for school.
A. so as to B. to C. in order that D. for
11. He hid that letter in a drawer _______ no one could read it.
A. so that B. because C. although D. than
12. The teacher was explaining the lesson slowly and clearly__________.
A. to make his students to understand it
B. in order that his students can understand it
C. so as to that his students could understand it
D. so that his students could understand it
13. The boy always does his homework before class____________.
A. so as not to be punished by the teacher
B. so as to be punished by the teacher
C. so that not to be punished by the teacher
D. in order that not to be punished by the teacher
14. “I tried to study English well. I want to get a good job.” means _________.
A. I tried to study English well so that I can get a good job
B. I tried to study English well in order that I can get a good job
C. I tried to study English well to get a good job
D. All are correct
15. “They whispered. They didn’t want anyone to hear them” means _________.
A. They whispered in order to make anyone hear them
B. They whispered so that no one could hear them
C. They whispered to make everyone hear them
D. They whispered in order that make everyone hear them
16. “We preserve natural resources. We can use them in the future.” means ________.
A. We preserve natural resources so that we can use them in the future
B. We preserve natural resources so as to we can use them in the future
C. We preserve natural resources for future use
D. A and C
17. The students study English________ they can communicate with foreigners.
A. so that B. so/ that C. in order to D. A & C
18. He left home early_________.
A. so that he could arrive at the station on time.
B. in order that he can arrive at the station on time.
C. so that he couldn’t arrive at the station on time.
D. A&C
19. The teacher explained the lesson again in order that_________.
A. all the students could understand the lesson.
B. all the students could drive to school.
C. all the students could pass the examination.
D. all the students could exchange the answers.
20. He failed the exam, _______ he had to do the job he didn’t like.
A. so B. so that C. in order to D. A & C
Exercise 3: Use phrases to combine each pair of sentences below.
1. I’m studying hard. I want to keep pace with my classmates.
……………………………………………………………………………………
2. Alice prepares her lessons carefully. She wants to get high marks in class.
……………………………………………………………………………………
3. Please shut the door. I don’t want the dog to go out of the house.
……………………………………………………………………………………
4. I wish to have enough money. I want to buy a new house.
……………………………………………………………………………………
5. You should walk slowly. Your sister can follow you.
……………………………………………………………………………………
6. They did their job well. They hoped the boss would increase their salary.
……………………………………………………………………………………
7. We turned on the lights. We didn’t want to waste electricity
……………………………………………………………………………………
8. We lower the volume of the radio. We don’t want to bother our neighbors.
……………………………………………………………………………………
9. The robber changed his address all the time. He didn’t want the police to find him.
……………………………………………………………………………………
10. The man spoke loudly. He wanted everybody to hear him clearly.
…………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 4: Choose the correct alternative.
1. The school boys are in a hurry not to/ in order not miss their school bus.
2. They were talking in whispers so that/ so as nobody could hear them.
3. My mother needs a tin opener to open/ for opening the bottles.
4. Advice is given in order that/ in order to students can choose the best course.
5. You may put your money in a small coin bank so that/ in order to keep it safe.
6. We wrote Katie’s name on the calendar so as not to/ so that not forget her birthday.
7. She stayed at work late in order to/ so that she could complete the report.
8. I need some new clothes. I haven’t got anything nice to wear/ in order to wear.
9. The new paint is excellent to cover/ for covering walls with cracks in.
10. Trees are being planted by the roadside so as to reduce/ in order that reducing traffic noise.
Đáp án
Exercise 1: Combine the ideas using “in order to/ so as to”:
1. Rachel turned on the TV in order/so as to watch the news.
2. Nancy is carrying extra courses every semester in order/ so as to graduate early.
3. Ed took some change from his pocket in order/ so as to buy a newspaper.
4. I turned on the TV in order/ so as to listen to the news while I was making dinner.
5. I unplugged the phone in order/ so as not to be interrupted while I was working.
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer:
1. A. so
2. C. in order to
3. B. so
4. C. He gave me his address in order for me to visit him.
5. B. so as not to
6. B. so that she can
7. C. so as not to
8. A. so that
9. D. so as not to
10. C. in order that
11. A. so that
12. D. so that his students could understand it
13. A. so as not to be punished by the teacher
14. D. All are correct
15. B. They whispered so that no one could hear them
16. D. A and C
17. A. so that
18. A. so that he could arrive at the station on time.
19. A. all the students could understand the lesson.
20. A. so
Exercise 3: Use phrases to combine each pair of sentences below.
1. I’m studying hard in order/ so as to keep pace with my classmates.
2. Alice prepares her lessons carefully in order/ so as to get high marks in class.
3. Please shut the door for the dog in order/ so as not to go out of the house.
4. I wish to have enough money in order/ so as to buy a new house.
5. You should walk slowly in order for your sister to follow you.
6. They did their job well in order for the boss to increase their salary.
7. We turned on the lights in order/ so as not to waste electricity
8. We lower the volume of the radio in order/ so as not to bother our neighbors.
9. The robber changed his address all the time in order for the police not to find him.
10. The man spoke loudly in order for everybody to hear him clearly.
Exercise 4: Choose the correct alternative.
1. The school boys are in a hurry in order not miss their school bus.
2. They were talking in whispers so that nobody could hear them.
3. My mother needs a tin opener for opening the bottles.
4. Advice is given in order that students can choose the best course.
5. You may put your money in a small coin bank in order to keep it safe.
6. We wrote Katie’s name on the calendar so as not to forget her birthday.
7. She stayed at work late so that she could complete the report.
8. I need some new clothes. I haven’t got anything nice to wear.
9. The new paint is excellent to cover walls with cracks in.
10. Trees are being planted by the roadside so as to reduce traffic noise.
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